Dados do Trabalho

Título

ANALYSIS OF THE ALLELIC FREQUENCY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS

Introdução

This study aims to analyze HLA allele frequency in COVID-19 patients and assess their potential protective or risk factors.

Material e Método

A Case-Control Study (CCS) analyzed HLA allele prevalence in COVID-19 patients. The case group included SARS-CoV-2-positive hospitalized patients (SIVEP: Feb 27, 2020, to Jul 3, 2021), while the control group comprised COVID-19-positive and -negative patients from a comprehensive database (eSUS: Mar 9, 2020, to Jul 12, 2021). Data were obtained from health information systems in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and HLA alleles were obtained from a Bone Marrow Donors database (REDOME). A matching algorithm ensured a balanced control group, considering ethnicity, notification date, city, and sex. The case group consisted of 1,858 records, and the control group had 3,716 positives and 3,716 negatives.

Resultados

Analysis showed distribution differences of allelic groups by self-declared race/ethnicity. Notably, no differences were found for loci A and DRB1 in white patients, HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 in parda (admixed) patients, and loci B and DRB1 in black patients. However, HLA-A*36 was more prevalent in self-declared black patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 compared to the Recovered group (OR 9.6 CI: 2.6-34.8; p=0.001) or the Inpatient Group (OR 7.8 CI: 1.9-32.5; p=0.005), indicating higher risk. Conversely, HLA-B*51 showed significantly higher frequency in self-declared white patients without hospitalization compared to Hospitalized patients (OR 0.7 CI: 0.5-0.9; p=0.021) or the Death Group (OR 0.5 CI: 0.2-0.9; p=0.014), suggesting greater protection.

Discussão e Conclusões

HLA alleles were associated with COVID-19 outcomes in Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the pandemic, based on self-declared race/ethnicity.

Palavras Chave

COVID-19, HLA, Minas Gerais, Ethnic